This tutorial explains the process to run the Rest API Tests in GitLab pipeline. This is a significant step towards achieving CI/CD. Ideally, the tests need to run after any change (minor/major) before merging the change to master branch. Suppose there are 100 changes in a day, and any QA won’t want to start the tests manually 100 times in a day. So, now adding tests to GitLab pipeline comes to the picture. We can add a test stage to the pipeline and the tests will run automatically when the pipeline run, or we can schedule the tests to run automatically every hour or day using GitLab pipeline.
Pre-Requisite:
- Rest Assured – 4.3.3
- Java 11
- Maven / Gradle
- TestNG /JUnit
- GitLab account
To use GitLab CI/CD, we need to keep 2 things in mind:-
a) Make sure a runner is available in GitLab to run the jobs. If there is no runner, install GitLab Runner and register a runner for your instance, project, or group.
b) Create a .gitlab-ci.yml file at the root of the repository. This file is where you define your CI/CD jobs.
Step 1 – Create a new Maven Project
Step 2 – Add the below-mentioned pom.xml that shows all the dependencies need to add to the project
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.testng/testng -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>7.4.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/rest-assured -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.json/json -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.json</groupId>
<artifactId>json</artifactId>
<version>20210307</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- Compiler plug-in -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>11</source>
<!--For JAVA 8 use 1.8-->
<target>11</target>
<!--For JAVA 8 use 1.8-->
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- Added Surefire Plugin configuration to execute tests -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0-M5</version>
<configuration>
<suiteXmlFiles>
<suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
</suiteXmlFiles>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
It is needed to add maven-surefire plugin to run the TestNG tests through command line. To know more about this, please refer to this tutorial.
Step 3 – Create the Test Code to test the Rest API
Here, 2 tests are created. One of the tests get all the employee data (GET) whereas another test creates an employee (POST).
import static io.restassured.RestAssured.given;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import io.restassured.http.ContentType;
public class RestAPIDemo {
@Test(description = "To get the details of employee with id 2", priority = 0)
public void verifyUser() {
// Given
given()
// When
.when().get("http://dummy.restapiexample.com/api/v1/employee/2")
// Then
.then().statusCode(200).statusLine("HTTP/1.1 200 OK")
// To verify booking id at index 3
.body("data.employee_name", equalTo("Garrett Winters"))
.body("message", equalTo("Successfully! Record has been fetched."));
}
@Test(description = "To create a new employee", priority = 1)
public void createUser() {
JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
// Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
data.put("employee_name", "APITest");
data.put("employee_salary", "99999");
data.put("employee_age", "30");
// GIVEN
given().baseUri("http://dummy.restapiexample.com/api").contentType(ContentType.JSON).body(data.toString())
// WHEN
.when().post("/v1/create")
// THEN
.then().statusCode(200).body("data.employee_name", equalTo("APITest"))
.body("message", equalTo("Successfully! Record has been added."));
}
}
Step 4 – Create testng.xml to run the tests through TestNG
Now, let’s create a testng.xml to run the TestNG tests. If JUnit is used instead of TestNG, then this step is not needed.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Suite">
<test name="Test">
<classes>
<class name="com.example.RestAssured_TestNG_Demo.RestAPIDemo"/>
</classes>
</test> <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->
Step 5 – Run the tests through the command line
Now, let us execute the tests through the command line. Go to the place where pom.xml of the project is placed and use the below command to run the tests. This step makes sure that all the tests are running as expected.
GitLab Section
Step 6 – Create a blank project in GitLab
Refer to this tutorial to create a new blank project – How to create a new project in GitLab.
Step 7 – Push the project from the local repository to GitLab Repository
Refer to this tutorial to push the changes – How to push new local GIT Repository to GitLab.
Step 8 – Create .gitlab-ci.yml file in the project in GitLab
It is a YAML file where you configure specific instructions for GitLab CI/CD. In the .gitlab-ci.yml, we can define:
- The scripts you want to run.
- Other configuration files and templates you want to include.
- Dependencies and caches.
- The commands you want to run in sequence and those you want to run in parallel.
- The location to deploy your application.
- Whether you want to run the scripts automatically or trigger any of them manually.
image: adoptopenjdk/maven-openjdk11
stages:
- test
variables:
MAVEN_OPTS: "-Dmaven.repo.local=.m2/repository"
test:
stage: test
allow_failure: true
# Run the tests
script:
- mvn $MAVEN_OPTS clean package
- mvn compile test
# Store artifacts
artifacts:
when: always
name: "report"
paths:
- target/surefire-reports/*
expire_in: 1 h
Step 9 – Run the tests in the GitLab pipeline
Now, when a new change is committed, a pipeline kicks off and it runs all the tests.
Step 10 – Check the status of the pipeline
Once the Status of the pipeline changes to either failed or passed.. that means the tests are already executed. Here, the pipeline is passed with brown color means that the execution of the test is completed with some failures.
I have added an artifact in the gitalb-ci.yml with the name “report”. This artifact creates a folder with the name “report” and the reports in this folder come from the path /target/surefire-reports. This artifact gives us an option to download the reports or browse the report. This report will be available for 1 hour only as mentioned in the gitlab-ci.yml.
Step 11 – Download the report
Click on the Download button and the report zip file is downloaded. Unzip the folder, and it contains all different types of surefire-reports.
Example of Emailable-Report.html
Example of Index.html
Congratulations. This tutorial has explained the steps to run Selenium tests in GitLab CI/CD. Happy Learning!!
QA Automation Expert 