In this tutorial, we will see how we can create Tests in the Postman.

Table of Contents

Consider a sample JSON which has 4 sets of data. This data we will be passing to a POST request.

Create a request in Postman

Create a request in Postman. Below is the URL of the request.

https://reqres.in/api/users

Paste the body of the request in the Body part of the Postman.

Create Tests for the request

Click on the “Tests”. Write the tests as shown below:

pm.test : This is the function for writing test specifications, pm here refers to Postman api and test refers to the specification of the function which is for testing purposes
Status code is 201 : This line is just a string which is the test name. When your test is performed, this string will be written in front of the result.
function(){}: The next parameter is the function that is passed to perform the test
pm.response : This is used to capture the response received and perform assertions on it such as status code, headers etc.

If you need help in creating the test, you can refer to the snippets present on the right side of the console.

Type of Tests

1.Test to check Status code

This test check the status code of the response. Here, we are checking status code if the status code is 201, then pass the test.

pm.test("Status code is 201", function () {
    pm.response.to.have.status(201);
});

The output of the above test is

2. Test to check the Status code from a list of codes

This test check the status code of the response. Here, we are checking status code if the status code is either 201 or 202, then pass the test.

pm.test("Successful POST request", function () {
    pm.expect(pm.response.code).to.be.oneOf([201,202]);
});

The output of the above test is

3. Test to check status code is not 404

This test check the status code of the response. Here, we are checking status code if the status code is not 404, then pass the test.

pm.test("The endpoint does not return unexpected status code", () => {
 
  // change 404 to the response code you do not expect
  pm.response.to.not.have.status(404);
});

The output of the above test is

4. Test to check the status code name

This test check the name of the status of the response. Here, we are checking if the name of the status is “Created”, then pass the test.

pm.test("Status code name has string", function () {
    pm.response.to.have.status("Created");
});

The output of the above test is

5. Test to check Content-Type is present

This test check if the response contains header as Content-Type, then pass the test.

pm.test("Content-Type is present", function () {
    pm.response.to.have.header("Content-Type");
});

The output of the above test is

6. Test to check the expected header

This test check the headers like content-type, accept, token and so on. Here, we have checked if the content-type is “application/json” or not. If yes, then pass the test.

pm.test("API response contians the expected header", () => {
  pm.response.to.have.header("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
});

The output of the above test is

7. Test to check response body contains string

This test checks the text in the response. Here, it is checking if the response has text “Postman”, then passes the test.

pm.test("Body matches string", function () {
    pm.expect(pm.response.text()).to.include("Postman");
});

The output of the above test is

8. Test to check response body contains JSON value

This test checks the JSON data in the response. Here, it is checking if the JSON response contains attribute name whose value is “Postman”, then passes the test.

pm.test("Value of name", function () {
    var jsonData = pm.response.json();
    pm.expect(jsonData.name).to.eql("Postman");
});

The output of the above test is

9. Test to check field value in response

This test checks the key-value of the response. Here, it is checking if the response has key as “name “and value as “Postman” and key as job and name as “Test”, then passes the test.

pm.test("API response contains the expected fields", () => {
  const response = pm.response.json();

  // the line below checks value of the name field is Postman.
  pm.expect(response).to.have.property("name", "Postman");

  // the line below checks value of the job field is Test (string).
  pm.expect(response).to.have.property("job", "Test");
});

The output of the above test is

10. Test to check response time

This test check the response time of the response. Here, it is checking is the time taken by the response to return is less than 200 ms, then pass the test.

pm.test("Response time is less than 200ms", function () {
    pm.expect(pm.response.responseTime).to.be.below(200);
});

The output of the above test is

11. Test an assertion value type

This test check the test data type of the values of the keys. Here, we are checking if the data type for the id is number, then pass the test.

Test the type of any part of the response:

const responseJson = pm.response.json();
pm.test("Test Data Type of the response", () => {
    
    pm.expect(responseJson.job).to.be.a("string");
    pm.expect(parseInt(responseJson.id)).to.be.a("number");
});

The output of the above test is

12. Test to check multiple assertions

This test checks the multiple assertions in the response.

pm.test("The response has all properties", () => {
    //parse the response JSON and test three properties
    const responseJson = pm.response.json();
    pm.expect(responseJson.name).to.eql("Postman");
    pm.expect(responseJson.job).to.be.a('string')
    pm.expect(responseJson.id).to.have.lengthOf(3);
});

The output of the above test is

If any of the contained assertions fails, the test as a whole will fail. All assertions must be successful for the test to pass.

13. Test to check nested field value in response

This test checks the nested field value in the response.

Sample Response

pm.test("API response contains the expected fields", () => {
  const response = pm.response.json();

  // the line below checks value of the id field is 2 (number).
  pm.expect(response).to.have.property("id", 2);

  // the line below checks value of the name field is Morty Smith (string).
  pm.expect(response).to.have.property("name", "Morty Smith");

  // the line below checks value of the origin.name field is Earth (C-137) (string).
  pm.expect(response).to.have.nested.property("location.name", "Citadel of Ricks");
});

The output of the above test is

14. Test to check nested array value in response

We can use the below script to check the value of the second item in the episode array of the endpoint.

pm.test("API response contains the expected fields", () => {
  const response = pm.response.json();

  pm.expect(response).to.have.nested.property("episode.3", "https://rickandmortyapi.com/api/episode/4");
});

The output of the above test is

In JavaScript, the position of the items in lists (array) starts from 0, so the first item has 0 as the position number, the second one 1, and so on.

We are done! Congratulations on making it through this tutorial and hope you found it useful! Happy Learning!!

August 9, 2023August 15, 2023 vibssingh

Data Driven Testing in Postman

Last Updated On

August 15, 2023

HOME

In this tutorial, we will see how we can use data files to feed test data to the Postman requests.

Postman provides two ways to pass sets of values to use in a collection run.

JSON File
CSV File

By selecting a JSON or CSV data file in the Collection Runner, you can test your requests with multiple different values as part of a single run.

Table of Contents

1. Passing data using JSON File

Consider a sample JSON which has 4 sets of data. This data we will be passing to a POST request.

[
   {
      "name":"Test1",
      "job":"Developer"
   },
   {
      "name":"Test2",
      "job":"Scrum Master"
   },
   {
      "name":"Test3",
      "job":"Quality Analyst"
   },
   {
      "name":"Test4",
      "job":"Business Analyst"
   }
]

Create a request in Postman

Create a request in Postman. Below is the URL of the request.

https://reqres.in/api/users

Paste the body of the request in the Body part of the Postman.

Here, name and job are the variables that we will be passing to the POST request. So, we have parameterized these 2 variables.

Create Tests for the request

Click on the “Tests”. Write the tests as shown below:

If you need help in creating the test, you can refer to the snippets present on the right side of the console.

Here, data.json is the name of the json we are using in this example.

To read the JSON data we need to upload a JSON file from the collection runner.

Run the Collection from Postman

Select the more actions icon next to the collection name. Click on the “Run Collection” option.

This shows all the requests present in this collection. Here, I want to run only CreateUser Request. So, I will uncheck the “Dummy User” option.

Run the tests manually

On the Functional tab, select Run manually.

Click on the Select File and upload the data file. The Iterations field shows the number of data sets present in the data file. Here, we have 4 sets of data, so used Iterations as 4. The Delay field defines the time in ms between two iterations.

Click on the preview to see the data that is uploaded.

Click on the “RunDataDrivenTesting” button to run the tests available in the Collection.

We can see that our API has run four times. Each time, a different set of data is picked up.

2. Passing data using CSV File

All the steps remain the same here, except instead of a JSON, we will use a .csv file.

Click on the “Preview” button to view the data present in the .csv file.

Below are the sample tests.

pm.test("Status code is 200", function () {
    pm.response.to.have.status(201);
});

var expectedName = pm.variables.get("name");
var expectedRole = pm.variables.get("role");


pm.test("Verify name", function () {
    var jsonData = pm.response.json();
    pm.expect(jsonData.value).to.eql(expectedName);
});

pm.test("Verify role", function () {
    var jsonData = pm.response.json();
    pm.expect(jsonData.value).to.eql(expectedRole);
});

Run the collection again. Below is the image of the test execution in Postman.

We are done! Congratulations on making it through this tutorial and hope you found it useful! Happy Learning!!

August 7, 2023August 15, 2023 vibssingh

What is Collection in Postman?

Last Updated On

August 15, 2023

HOME

In this tutorial, we will discuss the Collections in the Postman.

Table of Contents

What is Collection?

In Postman, a collection is a group of API requests that are saved in Postman and can be organized into folders. Within a collection, any number of folders can be formed. All API requests can be saved and stored in a collection, which can be shared around the team in the Postman workspace.
Organizing comparable requests into folders and collections enables the customer to better organize and document their demands.

For example, if you are testing or validating a restful API that has 10 different endpoints. Then, it makes sense to organize them in a collection that would make things like applying collection variables, import/export easier and could be run as part of a single collection.

How to create a Collection?

Step 1: Create a Collection, click on Collections, and then click on the “+” plus button.

Step 2: Provide a name to the collection – “Demo”.

How to create a request in Collection?

Step 1: To add new requests to the collection, click on Collection and click Add requests (please note it’s also possible to create a request first and then add it to the collection as well as move in requests from one collection to another).

Below is the image of a new request in the collection.

How to delete a Collection?

Step 1: Select the more actions icon next to the collection name.

Select the “Delete” button.

If a deleted collection is larger than 30 MB, you won’t be able to recover it. To avoid this, you can split the collection into smaller pieces before deleting it, or back up the collection first.

August 3, 2023 vibssingh

API Testing

HOME

Rest Assured

Rest–Assured is a Java-based library that is used to test RESTful Web Services.

Postman

Postman is an API platform for building and using APIs. It simplifies each step of the API lifecycle and streamlines collaboration, so you can create better APIs—faster.

August 2, 2023August 15, 2023 vibssingh

How to send DELETE Requests in Postman?

Last Updated On

August 15, 2023

HOME

In this tutorial, we will create DELETE request in Postman and see how to execute it.

Table of Contents

What is DELETE Request?

The HTTP DELETE method is used to delete a resource from the server. Unlike GET requests, the DELETE requests may change the server state.
The DELETE method is defined to be idempotent, which means that sending the same HTTP DELETE request multiple times will have the same effect on the server and will not additionally affect the state or cause additional side effects.

We will use the following URL for this Postman tutorial.

https://dummy.restapiexample.com/api/v1/delete/2

Implementation Steps

To create the first DELETE request in Postman, follow the following steps:

Create a Collection

Step 1: Create a Collection, click on Collections, and then click on the “+” plus button.

Step 2: Provide a name to the collection – “API Testing”.

Add a request to the Collection

Step 3: To create a new request, click on “Add a request” if it is a new Collection. Otherwise, click on the 3 dots and select “Add request”.

Step 4: Once you create a new request, then you will get the following window:

Enter the details of request

Step 5: Enter the “name” in the request. Here, the name is “DeleteUser”.

Step 5: Enter the “URL” in the address bar.

Step 6: Now, select the “DELETE” request from the list of request methods.

Step 7: Press the “Send” button.

Step 8: Once you press the send button, you will get the response from the server. Make sure you have a proper internet connection; otherwise, you will not get a response.

Verify the Response

Status

You can check the status code. Here, we got the status code 200, which means we got a successful response to the request.

Body

In the Body tab of the response box, we have multiple options to see the response in a different format.

Format Type

Each request has a defined response to it as defined by the Content-Type header. That response can be in any format. Such as in the above example, we have JSON code file.

Below are the various format type present in Postman.

XML

HTML

Text

Headers

Headers are the extra information that is transferred to the server or the client. In Postman, headers will show like key-value pairs under the headers tab. Click on the Headers link as shown in the below image:

Congratulations on making it through this tutorial and hope you found it useful! Happy Learning!! Cheers!!

July 31, 2023August 15, 2023 vibssingh

How to send PUT Requests in Postman?

Last Updated On

August 15, 2023

HOME

In this tutorial, we will create a PUT request in Postman and see how to execute it.

Table Of Contents

What is a PUT Request?

The PUT method is used to update resources available on the server. Typically, it replaces whatever exists at the target URL with something else. You can use it to make a new resource or overwrite an existing one.

Difference between POST and PUT

The PUT method is used to alter a single resource, whereas the POST method is used to add a child resource.
POST method responses cannot be cached, while PUT method responses may.
In PUT, you can use UPDATE queries, whereas, in POST, you can use CREATE queries.
The client determines which URI resource to have in the PUT method, and the server decides which URI resource to have in the POST method.
PUT is more specific, but POST is more abstract.
If you send the same PUT request many times, the result will be the same; however, if you send the same POST request multiple times, the results will be different.
The PUT method is idempotent, whereas the POST method is not.

We will use the following URL for this Postman tutorial.

	https://dummy.restapiexample.com/api/v1/update/1

Sample Request Body

{
   "name":"Update_Test",
   "salary":"40600",
   "age":"25"
}

Implementation Steps

To create the first PUT request in Postman, follow the following steps:

Create a Collection

Step 1: Create a Collection, click on Collections, and then click on the “+” plus button.

Step 2: Provide a name to the collection – “API Testing”.

Add a request to the Collection

Step 3: To create a new request, click on “Add a request” if it is a new Collection. Otherwise, click on the 3 dots and select “Add request”.

Step 4: Once you create a new request, then you will get the following window:

Enter the details of request

Step 5: Enter the “name” in the request. Here, the name is “UpdateUser”.

Step 6: Enter the “URL” in the address bar.

Step 7: Now, select the “PUT” request from the list of request methods.

Step 8 – Add a Request body to the Post request

For this, select the Body tab.

Now in the Body tab, select raw and select JSON as the format type from the drop-down menu, as shown in the image below. This is done because we need to send the request in the appropriate format that the server expects. Copy and paste the request body example mentioned at the beginning of the tutorial to the postman request Body.

Step 9: Press the “Send” button.

Verify the Response

Step 10: Once you press the send button, you will get the response from the server. Make sure you have a proper internet connection; otherwise, you will not get a response.

Status

You can check the status code. Here, we got the status code 200, which means we got a successful response to the request. In the case of new resource creation, the status code should be 201. But as this is a dummy API, we are getting a status code of 200.

Body

In the Body tab of the response box, we have multiple options to see the response in a different format.

Format Type

Each request has a defined response to it as defined by the Content-Type header. That response can be in any format. Such as in the above example, we have JSON code file.

Below are the various format type present in Postman.

XML

HTML

Text

Headers

Headers are the extra information that is transferred to the server or the client. In Postman, headers will show like key-value pairs under the headers tab. Click on the Headers link as shown in the below image:

We are done! Congratulations on making it through this tutorial and hope you found it useful! Happy Learning!!

July 28, 2023October 4, 2023 vibssingh

Postman Tutorials

Last Updated On

October 4, 2023

HOME

Postman is an API platform for building and using APIs. It simplifies each step of the API lifecycle and streamlines collaboration, so you can create better APIs—faster. It is a lightweight, fast GUI that allows a user to test an API through a number of HTTP requests including GET, PUT, POST, PATCH, and DELETE. It allows users to create and share API requests, which can also be added to a Collection, allowing requests to be grouped together as required.

Chapter 1 How to send GET Requests in Postman?
Chapter 2 How to send POST Requests in Postman?
Chapter 3 How to send PUT Requests in Postman?
Chapter 4 How to send DELETE Requests in Postman?
Chapter 5 How to send PATCH Requests in Postman?
Chapter 6 What is Collection in Postman?
Chapter 7 Data Driven Testing in Postman
Chapter 8 How to create Tests in Postman
*Chapter 9 How to Export Postman Collections?*
*Chapter 10 How to import Collection into Postman?*
*Chapter 11 How to run Postman requests from the command line*
*Chapter 12 How to generate Newman HTML Report?*
*Chapter 13 Integration of Postman with Jenkins*
*Chapter 14 How to create an environment in Postman*
*Chapter 15 How to schedule Collection run in Postman?*
*Chapter 16 How to run Collections remotely in Postman?*
*Chapter 17 How to generate Newman Report in Jenkins – NEW*
*Chapter 18 What is API Chaining in Postman? – NEW*
Chapter 19 How to push Postman Collection scripts in GitHub – NEW
*Chapter 20 How to send SOAP request in Postman? – NEW*

July 28, 2023August 15, 2023 vibssingh

How to send POST Requests in Postman?

Last Updated On

August 15, 2023

HOME

In this tutorial, we will create a POST request in Postman and see how to execute it.

Table of Contents

What is a POST Request?

POST requests are used to send data to the API server to create or update a resource. The data sent to the server is stored in the request body of the HTTP request.
HTTP POST request provides additional data from the client to the server message body.

We will use the following URL for this Postman tutorial.

https://dummy.restapiexample.com/api/v1/create

Sample Request Body

{
   "name":"API_Test",
   "salary":"45600",
   "age":"23"
}

Implementation Steps

To create the first POST request in Postman, follow the following steps:

Create a Collection

Step 1: Create a Collection, click on Collections, and then click on the “+” plus button.

Step 2: Provide a name to the collection – “API Testing”.

Add a request to the Collection

Step 3: To create a new request, click on “Add a request” if it is a new Collection. Otherwise, click on the 3 dots and select “Add request”.

Step 4: Once you create a new request, then you will get the following window:

Enter the details of request

Step 5: Enter the “name” in the request. Here, the name is “CreateUser”.

Step 6: Enter the “URL” in the address bar.

Step 7: Now, select the “POST” request from the list of request methods.

Step 8 – Add a Request body to the Post request

For this, select the Body tab.

Step 9: Press the “Send” button.

Verify the Response

Step 10: Once you press the send button, you will get the response from the server. Make sure you have a proper internet connection; otherwise, you will not get a response.

Status

Body

In the Body tab of the response box, we have multiple options to see the response in a different format.

Format Type

Each request has a defined response to it as defined by the Content-Type header. That response can be in any format. Such as in the above example, we have JSON code file.

Below are the various format type present in Postman.

XML

HTML

Text

Headers

We are done! Congratulations on making it through this tutorial and hope you found it useful! Happy Learning!!

July 26, 2023July 28, 2023 vibssingh

How to send GET Requests in Postman?

Last Updated On

July 28, 2023

HOME

In this tutorial, we will create a GET request in Postman and see how to execute it.

Table of Contents

What is GET Request?

A GET request gets the information from the server. When you make the GET request on the server, then the server responds to the request.
GET requests will not affect any data on the server. This means, there is no creation, updation, addition, or deletion of data on the server when you are making a GET request.

We will use the following URL for this Postman tutorial.

http://dummy.restapiexample.com/api/v1/employees

Implementation Steps

To create the first GET request in Postman, follow the following steps:

Create a Collection

Step 1: Create a Collection, click on Collections, and then click on the “+” plus button.

Step 2: Provide a name to the collection – “API Testing”.

Add a request to the Collection

Step 3: To create a new request, click on “Add a request”, if it is a new Collection. Otherwise, click on the 3 dots and select “Add request”.

Step 4: Once you create a new request, then you will get the following window:

Enter the details of request

Step 5: Enter the “name” in the request. Here, the name is “GET Demo”.

Step 5: Enter the “URL” in the address bar.

Step 6: Now, select the “GET” request from the list of request methods.

Send the Request

Step 7: Press the “Send” button.

Verify the Response

Step 8: Once you press the send button, you will get the response from the server. Make sure you have a proper internet connection; otherwise, you will not get a response.

Status

You can check the status code. Here, we got the status code 200, which means we got a successful response to the request.

Body

In the Body tab of the response box, we have multiple options to see the response in a different format.

Format Type

Each request has a defined response to it as defined by the Content-Type header. That response can be in any format. Such as in the above example, we have JSON code file.

Below are the various format type present in Postman.

XML